homework

1.5.3

When companies use resorces to create goods and services for consumers,they are generally not required to pay the environmental costs of such resource use.For example ,fishing companies pay the costs of catching fish but do not pay the depletion of fish stocks.Timber companies pay for clear-cutting forests but not for the resulting environmental degradation and loss of wildlife habitat.These companies reasonably seek to maximize their profits,so they do not voluntarily pay these costs or even try to assess them,unless required to do so by government laws or regulations.

當公司使用資源創造消費者的貨物和服務，通常沒有要求他們支付這樣資源使用的環境費用。例如，釣魚公司支付捉住魚的費用，但是不管魚類的減少。木材公司支付砍伐森林費用，但是不管野生生物棲地所發生的環境退化和損失。這些公司合理地尋求他們最大的收益，因此他們不自願支付這些費用甚至不设法估計他們，除非由政府法律或合約要求去做。